Problem
The unit impulse response of an LTI system is the CT signal
$ h(t)=e^{-t}u(t). \ $
What is the system's response to the input
$ x(t)= u(t-1) ? \ $
Solution
We are given the input to an LTI system along with the system's impulse response and told to find the output y(t). Since the input and impulse response are given, we simply use convolution on x(t) and h(t) to find the system's output.
$ y(t) = h(t) * x(t) = \int_{-\infty}^\infty h(\tau)x(t-\tau)d\tau $
Plugging in the given x(t) and h(t) values results in:
$ \begin{align} y(t) & = \int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\tau}u(\tau)u(t-\tau-1)d\tau \\ & = \int_0^\infty e^{-\tau}u(t-\tau-1)d\tau \\ & = \int_0^{t-1} e^{-\tau}d\tau \\ & = 1-e^{-(t-1)}\, \mbox{ for } t > 1 \end{align} $
Since x(t) = 0 when t < 1:
$ y(t) = 0\, \mbox{ for } t < 1 $
$ \therefore y(t) = \begin{cases} 1-e^{-(t-1)}, & \mbox{if }t\mbox{ is} > 1 \\ 0, & \mbox{if }t\mbox{ is} < 1 \end{cases} $
