Question 1
Bod knows the 3 by 3 secret matrix and encrypted message. Then Bob is able to get encrypted message by multiplying inversed matrix by encrypted message.
Question 2
No. Eve has to find inverse of the secret matrix to decrypt the message.
Question 3
The secret matrix is $ \begin{matrix} - \frac{2}{3} & 0 & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 4 &0 & -1 \end{matrix} $. So, $ \begin{matrix} - \frac{2}{3} & 0 & \frac{2}{3} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 4 &0 & -1 \end{matrix} * \begin{matrix} - x \\ y \\ z \end{matrix} = \begin{matrix} - 2 \\ 23 \\ 2 \end{matrix} $
