Part 1
Changing a Periodic Continuous Time Signal to a Non-Periodic Discrete Time Signal
One can take a signal that would be periodic in continuous time and turn it into a signal that is not periodic in discrete time. Consider the continuous time signal $ x(t)=sin(t) $. Plotting this signal yields a smooth waveform that repeats itself with period $ T=2\pi $.
Sampling this signal at every integer time yields something altogether different.
The new discrete time function looks like this on its own.
For the signal to be periodic, there must exist an integer N such that $ x[n]=x[n+N] $. For the signal defined as it is here, no such integer N exists.
Changing a Periodic Continuous Time Signal to a Periodic Discrete Time Signal
Suppose our sampling frequency, instead of being 1, was $ \frac{\pi}{8} $.
Part 2
To be completed...