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= [[ECE_PhD_Qualifying_Exams|ECE Ph.D. Qualifying Exam]] in Communication Networks Signal and Image processing (CS) = | = [[ECE_PhD_Qualifying_Exams|ECE Ph.D. Qualifying Exam]] in Communication Networks Signal and Image processing (CS) = | ||
| − | = [[ | + | = [[ECE-QE_CS5-2015|August 2015]], Part 1 = |
| − | :[[ | + | :[[CS5_2015_Aug_prob1| Part 1 ]],[[CS5_2015_Aug_prob2_solution| 2 ]] |
---- | ---- | ||
| − | == Solution | + | ===Solution 1=== |
| − | + | a) <math>\gamma=1</math> | |
| − | a) <math> | + | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | \gamma= | + | |
| − | </math> | + | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | b) | ||
<math> | <math> | ||
| − | (x_r,y_r)=(\frac{a}{a+d+g},\frac{d}{a+d+g}) | + | \left( \begin{array}{c} |
| + | X_r\\ | ||
| + | Y_r \\ | ||
| + | Z_r \end{array} \right)＝ | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | a & b & c \\ | ||
| + | d & e & f \\ | ||
| + | g & h & i \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{c} | ||
| + | 1 \\ | ||
| + | 0 \\ | ||
| + | 0 \end{array} \right)＝ | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{c} | ||
| + | a \\ | ||
| + | d \\ | ||
| + | g \end{array} \right)</math><br \> | ||
| + | So | ||
| + | <math> | ||
| + | (x_r,y_r)=(\frac{X_r}{X_r+Y_r+Z_r}, \frac{Y_r}{X_r+Y_r+Z_r})=(\frac{a}{a+d+g},\frac{d}{a+d+g}) | ||
</math> <br \> | </math> <br \> | ||
| + | Similarly | ||
<math> | <math> | ||
(x_g,y_g)=(\frac{b}{b+e+h},\frac{e}{b+e+h}) | (x_g,y_g)=(\frac{b}{b+e+h},\frac{e}{b+e+h}) | ||
| − | </math> | + | </math>, |
<math> | <math> | ||
| − | (x_b,y_b) | + | (x_b,y_b)＝(\frac{c}{c+f+i},\frac{f}{c+f+i}) |
</math> | </math> | ||
| − | c) | + | c) The white point of the device is when the input <math>[R, G, B] = [1, 1, 1]</math> |
<math> | <math> | ||
| Line 38: | Line 50: | ||
d) | d) | ||
| − | + | [[ Image:Pro1_solution1_2015_Aug.jpg]]<br /> | |
| − | + | ||
e) We are likely to see quantization artifact in dark region. | e) We are likely to see quantization artifact in dark region. | ||
| + | == Solution 2: == | ||
| − | + | a) <math> | |
| − | === | + | \frac{R}{255}^\alpha=r_{linear}\\ |
| − | + | ||
| + | \Rightarrow | ||
| + | \gamma=log_{\frac{R}{255}}{(R^{\alpha})}=\frac{ln{(R^{\alpha})}}{ln{\frac{R}{255}}}=\frac{\alpha{ln{R}}}{ln{R}-ln{255}} | ||
| + | </math> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <span style="color:green"> <math>\gamma </math> should be 1. </span> | ||
| + | |||
| + | b) | ||
<math> | <math> | ||
| − | \left | + | P_r= |
| − | + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | |
| − | + | a & b & c \\ | |
| − | + | d & e & f \\ | |
| − | \end{array | + | g & h & i \end{array} \right) |
| − | a&b&c\\ | + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} |
| − | d&e&f\\ | + | 1 \\ |
| − | g&h&i | + | 0 \\ |
| − | \end{array | + | 0 \end{array} \right) |
| − | + | = | |
| − | g | + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} |
| − | + | a \\ | |
| − | \end{array}} \right | + | d \\ |
| + | g \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | \Rightarrow | ||
| + | x_r=\frac{a}{a+d+g} | ||
| + | , | ||
| + | y_r=\frac{d}{a+d+g} | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | P_g= | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | a & b & c \\ | ||
| + | d & e & f \\ | ||
| + | g & h & i \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | 0 \\ | ||
| + | 1 \\ | ||
| + | 0 \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | = | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | b \\ | ||
| + | e \\ | ||
| + | h \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | |||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | \Rightarrow | ||
| + | x_g=\frac{b}{b+e+h} | ||
| + | |||
| + | , | ||
| + | y_g=\frac{e}{b+e+h} | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| + | |||
| + | P_b= | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | a & b & c \\ | ||
| + | d & e & f \\ | ||
| + | g & h & i \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | 0 \\ | ||
| + | 0 \\ | ||
| + | 1\end{array} \right) | ||
| + | = | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | c \\ | ||
| + | f \\ | ||
| + | i \end{array} \right) \\ | ||
| + | \Rightarrow | ||
| + | x_g=\frac{c}{c+f+i} | ||
| + | , | ||
| + | y_g=\frac{f}{c+f+i} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
| − | + | c) | |
| − | b | + | <math> |
| + | W= | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | a & b & c \\ | ||
| + | d & e & f \\ | ||
| + | g & h & i \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | 1 \\ | ||
| + | 1 \\ | ||
| + | 1\end{array} \right) | ||
| + | = | ||
| + | \left( \begin{array}{ccc} | ||
| + | a+b+c \\ | ||
| + | d+e+f \\ | ||
| + | g+h+i \end{array} \right) | ||
| + | \\ | ||
| − | c) | + | \Rightarrow |
| + | x_g=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i} | ||
| + | , | ||
| + | y_g=\frac{d+e+f}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i} | ||
| + | </math> | ||
| + | |||
| + | d) | ||
| + | [[ Image:Pro1_2015_Aug.PNG ]]<br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | e) Gamma correction a quantization will create an effect of dynamic range compression for pixels with small values. This will create dark block of shadings in a gradient region instead of a smooth transition. | ||
| − | |||
---- | ---- | ||
| + | [[ECE-QE_CS5-2015|Back to QE CS question 1, August 2013]] | ||
| + | |||
[[ECE_PhD_Qualifying_Exams|Back to ECE QE page]]: | [[ECE_PhD_Qualifying_Exams|Back to ECE QE page]]: | ||
Latest revision as of 22:34, 3 December 2015
Contents
ECE Ph.D. Qualifying Exam in Communication Networks Signal and Image processing (CS)
August 2015, Part 1
- Part 1 , 2
Solution 1
a) $ \gamma=1 $
b)
$ \left( \begin{array}{c} X_r\\ Y_r \\ Z_r \end{array} \right)＝ \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{c} 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} \right)＝ \left( \begin{array}{c} a \\ d \\ g \end{array} \right) $
So
$ (x_r,y_r)=(\frac{X_r}{X_r+Y_r+Z_r}, \frac{Y_r}{X_r+Y_r+Z_r})=(\frac{a}{a+d+g},\frac{d}{a+d+g}) $
Similarly
$ (x_g,y_g)=(\frac{b}{b+e+h},\frac{e}{b+e+h}) $,
$ (x_b,y_b)＝(\frac{c}{c+f+i},\frac{f}{c+f+i}) $
c) The white point of the device is when the input $ [R, G, B] = [1, 1, 1] $
$ (x_w,y_w)=(\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i},\frac{d+e+f}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i}) $
d)
e) We are likely to see quantization artifact in dark region.
Solution 2:
a) $ \frac{R}{255}^\alpha=r_{linear}\\ \Rightarrow \gamma=log_{\frac{R}{255}}{(R^{\alpha})}=\frac{ln{(R^{\alpha})}}{ln{\frac{R}{255}}}=\frac{\alpha{ln{R}}}{ln{R}-ln{255}} $
$ \gamma $ should be 1.
b)
$ P_r= \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 \\ 0 \\ 0 \end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a \\ d \\ g \end{array} \right) \\ \Rightarrow x_r=\frac{a}{a+d+g} , y_r=\frac{d}{a+d+g} \\ P_g= \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{ccc} b \\ e \\ h \end{array} \right) \\ \Rightarrow x_g=\frac{b}{b+e+h} , y_g=\frac{e}{b+e+h} \\ P_b= \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 0 \\ 0 \\ 1\end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{ccc} c \\ f \\ i \end{array} \right) \\ \Rightarrow x_g=\frac{c}{c+f+i} , y_g=\frac{f}{c+f+i} $
c)
$ W= \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a & b & c \\ d & e & f \\ g & h & i \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 \\ 1 \\ 1\end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{ccc} a+b+c \\ d+e+f \\ g+h+i \end{array} \right) \\ \Rightarrow x_g=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i} , y_g=\frac{d+e+f}{a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i} $
d)
e) Gamma correction a quantization will create an effect of dynamic range compression for pixels with small values. This will create dark block of shadings in a gradient region instead of a smooth transition.
