Background on Montana challenging the Huntington-Hill Method
One of the important functions of the United States Census is that the information from these census reports helps State legislators and governors in Congressional redistricting. Every ten years after the results of the U.S. Census are released, lawmakers must use this information to calculate how many representatives in the House of Representatives each state obtains based on state population size. However, the method used to determine Congressional apportionment has changed several times throughout U.S. history. After the first U.S. Census in 1790, Congress attempted to pass the first apportionment bill using the Hamilton method [92a]. This method sets each State Quota, or number of representatives using the following procedure [Cau10]:
